A laser is usually constructed from two basic elements: a material that provides optical gain through stimulated emission and an optical cavity that partially traps the light. When the total gain in ...

Recycling old phone numbers and assigning them to new users could be an inadvertent violation of the Protection of Personal Information Act (Popia), according to a data protection and privacy attorney ...

During this time, advancing optical technology repeatedly opened new sub-fields of atomic, molecular and solid-state science, most notably real-time chemistry 4. It also became possible to do ...